1 Corinthians 9:1

Authorized King James Version

Am I not an apostle? am I not free? have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? are not ye my work in the Lord?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οὐ
I not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#2
εἰμὶ
Am
i exist (used only when emphatic)
#3
ἀπόστολος
an apostle
a delegate; specially, an ambassador of the gospel; officially a commissioner of christ ("apostle") (with miraculous powers)
#4
οὐ
I not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#5
εἰμὶ
Am
i exist (used only when emphatic)
#6
ἐλεύθερος
free
unrestrained (to go at pleasure), i.e., (as a citizen) not a slave (whether freeborn or manumitted), or (genitive case) exempt (from obligation or lia
#7
οὐχὶ
have I not
not indeed
#8
Ἰησοῦν
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#9
Χριστὸν
Christ
anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus
#10
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
κυρίῳ
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#12
ἡμῶν
our
of (or from) us
#13
ἑώρακα
seen
by extension, to attend to; by hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear
#14
οὐ
I not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#15
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
ἔργον
work
toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act
#17
μου
my
of me
#18
ὑμεῖς
ye
you (as subjective of verb)
#19
ἐστε
are
ye are
#20
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#21
κυρίῳ
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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